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Spiritual Formation on the Run

Spiritual Formation on the Run

Category Archives: Islam

Kassim Ahmad’s The Road Home

04 Friday Nov 2011

Posted by Alex Tang in Books and Reading, Islam, Malaysia

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This interesting autobiography (2011) by Kassim Ahmad details his humble origin as a kampung boy from Kedah to his days in the University of Malaya, his four years of lecturing in the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London in the UK before returning to teach at a secondary school in Penang. It also details his intellectual development from a school boy to liberal socialism, then socialist Marxism, his eventual rejection of it and his return to Islam. His commitment to the socialist cause made him an activist and inevitably into politics. He become chairman of Parti Rakyat Malaya which he led for 18 years. He was detained under ISA for more than 5 years. Ultimately, according to Kassim, it was his disillusion with socialist Marxism that led him to resign from Parti Rakyat Malaya in 1984 and joined UMNO in 1986. In the years following, his renewed interest in Islam led to his controversial analysis of the Hadith which provoke much debate and discussion.

It is not a straight forward narrative autobiography because Kassim interspersed the events in his life with his commentaries on socialism, colonialism, political sciences, philosophy, imperialism, Islam and Malaysian politics. He seems to have a good memory for names because there is a large number of people mentioned in this book. To my delight, he also mentioned the names of books and authors that were influential in his intellectual and political development.

Kassim Ahmad’s blog Kassim Ahmad

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Selamat Hari Raya

30 Tuesday Aug 2011

Posted by Alex Tang in Islam

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source: 365greetings.com

Wishing all my Muslim readers Selamat Hari Raya.

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Review of Miroslav Volf’s Allah: A Christian Response

17 Thursday Mar 2011

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Malaysia, Theology

≈ 8 Comments

Volf, Miroslav.  (2011). Allah: A Christian Response, New York, NY: HarperOne. Miroslav Volf is the Henry B. Wright Professor of Theology at the Yale Divinity School and founding director of the Yale Center for Faith and Culture.

Using “political theology”, Volf’s main thesis is that the God of Christians and Muslims is the same. His approach is from that of a Christian but he is able to balance that with a few quotations from the Koran and Hadith. He argues persuasively that since “normative” Christianity’s description of God’s attributes is similar to “normative” Islam’s description of Allah’s attributes, therefore both religious traditions worship the same God.

When it comes to the issue of the Trinity (Muslims believe that Christians worship three gods instead of one), Volf brings in the masterful argument set forth by theologian Nicholas of Cusa (1401 – 1464) and that of Reformer Martin Luther. Volf gave a good summary of the explanation of Nicholas of Cusa of the Trinity to the Muslim so that there is “no dispute between Christians and Muslim about God’s unity” (51). One part of his explanation is that “[n]umbers are for creatures. God is not a creature. Therefore God is beyond number – beyond the number one as much as beyond the number three” (52). It must be noted that Nicholas of Cusa came up with this ingenious explanation of the Trinity after the fall and rape of Constantinople in 1453 by the Muslim armies of Sultan Mehmed II and the Christians were trying to sue for peace. The argument by Martin Luther as explained by Volf was a bit confusing except that “the main emphasis of Luther’s theology: God’s unconditional love” (73). However it must also be noted that Luther’s thinking was in the context of Sulaimen the Magnificent capturing Hungary and laying siege to Vienna. If Vienna falls, then the whole of Europe will follow. The Christians were again trying to find common grounds.

Having set the groundwork by appealing to Nicholas of Cusa and Martin Luther, Volf set forth to argue in the second half of the book that the common attributes of the Christian God and Islam’s Allah are the same thus concluding that both are the same. All other points of differences are then explained under “eternal and unconditional love”. Though I appreciate Volf’s attempt to set a common ground for dialogue, and suspect his affirmation that “If Muslims and Christians have a common God, are not Islam and Christianity just two versions of the same thing?” (191), I am not comfortable with his approach.

As Volf himself has pointed out, the Apostle Creed reveals two essential aspects of Christianity – who God is  and what He has done. One cannot explain away so easily the Trinity- God the Father, Jesus Christ the Son and the Holy Spirit in one Godhead (Christians believe in one God, not three Gods). Also the work of Jesus Christ on the cross cannot be explained away by just using the term “unconditional love” without going into atonement and Jesus’ words “I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me” (John 14:6). In the index of this 314 page book, there is only three references to Jesus’ death on the cross.

The second sentence Volf’s introduction chapter almost broke my heart. He writes, “Christian responses to Allah – understood here as the God of the Quran – will either widen the chasm or help bridge it “(1). In Malaysia, the Christians have been trying to appeal against the government who wants to restrict the use of the word Allah to Muslims only. In one sentence, Volf gives away all that the Malaysian Christians have been fighting for all these years. Volf is aware of this issue in Malaysia (80-81). Allah has been used as synonymous with God by the Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) speaking Christians in Malaysia long before Malaysia became a country. Allah is an Arabic word meaning God.

This book is an excellent scholarly monograph in bridge building between two religious traditions. If it is from the Christian perspective, then one must be careful not to give away the basic tenets of one’s faith.

Addentum

@sivin asks an important question. How does Volf “gives away” the battle for the name “Allah” for the Christians in Malaysia. This was at the very beginning of the book. Volf in naming his significant terms gave the term “Allah” to the Muslims and “God” to the Christians. We know what he is trying to do and if his thesis is correct it does not matter.

But if he is wrong then as a Christian he have given away the term to the Muslims. The general reading public may not understand ‘significant terms”. All they will know is from this book, Volf suggests Christians and Muslims worship the same God which the Muslims call “Allah, and the Christians “God”. It is likely most Muslims will reject this statement. However, they will be happy to point out that a prominent Yale scholar ane theologian has used the term “Allah” exclusively to refer to the God Muslims worship and differentiated the term from the Christian God.

While I appreciate that he is writing from the North American context, however he must realise that the world is very interconnected and he has to be sensitive in his use of terms. Especially when he is aware of what is happening in Malaysia.

Related posts

A Voice across the Great Chasm: An Interview with Miroslav Volf

Do Christians and Muslims worship the same God?

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Roger Tan’s Too Much of a Good Thing

19 Sunday Sep 2010

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Law, Malaysia, USA

≈ Leave a comment

My dear friend and Christian brother @rogertankm wrote an interesting comment on Star online, Malaysia’s newspaper today. I think it is timely and insightful. Hopefully it will help to defuse the escalating tensions between Muslims and Christians in Malaysia and elsewhere.

Sunday September 19, 2010

Too much of a good thing

By ROGER TAN

If we adopt a free for all, which includes the right to indulge in hate speech or a right to foment and incite hatred and violence, our beloved country will be torn apart in no time.

MANY of us have heard of the infamous Pastor Terry Jones – the bewhiskered preacher from the diminutive Dove World Outreach Centre in Gainesville, Florida, in the United States who had threatened to hold “Inter­national Burn A Quran Day” on Sept 11. He subsequently backed down after worldwide condemnation against him.

This included our Foreign Affairs Minister Datuk Anifah Aman, who called the act of burning the holy book of Muslims a “heinous crime”.

US President Barack Obama warned that this could increase the recruitment of individuals who would be willing to blow themselves up in American or European cities, adding that it would be a recruitment bonanza for al-Qaeda.

As a Christian, I am ashamed by what Jones tried to do, especially when it came from a man of God.

But why were the US authorities, including the President, powerless to stop him from carrying out his threat?

The answer lies in Jones’ right to freedom of speech enshrined in the First Amendment to the US Constitu­tion.

read more.

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Global Conversation on Muslim-Christian Dialogue

25 Thursday Feb 2010

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Malaysia, Mission

≈ Leave a comment

Christianity Today and the Lausanne movement have been conducting Global Conversation on certain important global issues recently. In March 2010, the Conversation is on

How should Christians who have a passion for evangelization relate to Islam? For North Americans, the question took on new urgency in the wake of September 11. But Christians in Muslim-majority societies have dealt with the question far longer.

Chawkat Moucarry, World Vision International’s director of interfaith relations describes his commitment and mission in A Lifelong Journey with Islam.

I have never understood why some people look at dialogue and mission in either-or terms. In my experience, these words belong so much to each other that they should never be divorced. Evangelical Christians (whose theology I share) have shown an unwarranted suspicion of dialogue, simply because some have used it as a substitute for mission. Not only are the two words compatible, but they must shape each other.

more here.

David Shenks has this to contribute “My life motto as I engage in dialogue with Muslims is the same that Moucarry has highlighted (1 Pet. 3:15): Be clear in my confession of faith—Jesus is Lord. Give account of this reality to all who ask. Bear witness with gentleness and respect.” more here in Experiencing Dialogue.

While dialogue seems to be the way to go, there are concerns. Evelyne A. Reisacher who had served for over 20 years as the associate director of a church-based organization in France called l’AMI, dedicated to facilitate Christian-Muslim encounters and assist Muslim Background Believers. She is assistant professor of Islamic studies and Intercultural Relations at Fuller Theological Seminary has this to say in Dialogue Shaping Mission Shaping Dialogue.

In conclusion: Has my perception of dialogue changed? Yes and no. The questions I raised prior to my first experience of dialogue in 2003 are still relevant and must be revisited each time I engage in dialogue. My commitment to Jesus Christ and the gospel has not changed. But dialogue is a constant reminder of the human face of mission: It helps us encounter Muslims as equal interlocutors worthy of being listened to and with whom we should respectfully share our beliefs.

How then does this dialogue translate to realpolitik?

Dr Ng Kam Weng, director of Kairos Research Centre in Kuala Lumpur shares about the situation in Malaysia “to explain the ambivalence of Christian minority groups toward Christian-Muslim dialogue” as a response in Building a Common Society.

Dialogue beneath the Gothic arches of Western universities should be welcomed, but surely genuine dialogue would gain more credence if it took place at the ground level, especially in countries where Islamic authorities do not feel the need to modulate their power so as to present an acceptable face, as they would when dealing with their Western counterparts. If indeed dialogue takes place, the Islamic authorities typically set the terms of engagement, reducing it to social rituals to confirm the dominance of Islam rather than to promote mutual understanding and respect. Naturally, local Christians lose enthusiasm for “dialogue.”

It is not often so cut and dry about inter-faith dialogue in Muslim-majority countries as has been pointed out by Dr Ng. Read more here.

Nigeria is another country where is there had been violence between Muslims and Christians. Sunday Agang who is dean of the School of Theology and Ethics, JETS Theological Seminary in Jos, Nigeria comments on The Audacity of Dialogue.

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More about Church Torching in Malaysia

10 Sunday Jan 2010

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Malaysia

≈ Leave a comment

Response from Rev. Ong Sek Leang, Senior Pastor of Metro Tabernacle Church. The administrative office of Metro Tabernacle in Desa Melawati was completely gutted.

http://www.youtube.com/v/yNUnjPG-6c8&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x006699&color2=0x54abd6

HT: Sivin Kit’s Garden

KUALA LUMPUR (Reuters) –

Sat Jan 9, 2010 11:57pm EST

Arsonists in Malaysia struck at a convent school and a fifth church on Sunday amid rising tensions between majority Muslims and Christians over the use of the word “Allah” to describe the Christian God.

Police in the sleepy city of Taiping, around 300 km (185 miles) from the capital Kuala Lumpur, said a petrol bomb had been thrown at the guard house of a Catholic convent school but had failed to go off.

They also said they had found several broken bottles including paint thinners outside one of the country’s oldest Anglican churches, All Saints, Taiping, and said one of the building’s walls had been blackened.

read more and watch the video.

Washington Post

By EILEEN NG

The Associated Press
Sunday, January 10, 2010; 12:37 AM

On Sunday, men, women and children from the Metro Tabernacle parish assembled in the cavernous, 1,800-seat meeting hall of the Malaysian Chinese Association party for the service. They lifted their hands and sang “We put all our faith in you,” and “You are the God of love and peace” during the Sunday service.

“My wife was worried, but we want to be here to support the church,” said Michael Chew, 40, who came to the service with two children, aged 1 and 6.

The service was in English, as are most Christian services in mainland Malaysia though some are in Chinese and Tamil languages. Such services do not use the word “Allah.” Only the Malay-language prayers for indigenous tribespeople in the remote states of Sabah and Sarawak use “Allah,” as they have for decades.

The Allah ban is unusual in the Muslim world. The Arabic word is commonly used by Christians to describe God in such countries as Egypt, Syria and Indonesia, the world’s largest Muslim nation.

read more and watch the slide show

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Mr. Zam who’s the president of the Parent Teacher Association of an Islamic School next to the Metro Tabernacle Church was very kind to share some of his thoughts in relation to church arson on Friday, January 8, 2010.

http://www.youtube.com/v/0jDovS6ylL4&hl=en_US&fs=1&color1=0x006699&color2=0x54abd6

HT: Sivin Kit’s Garden

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Why? Why the Need to Resort to Violence?

08 Friday Jan 2010

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Malaysia

≈ Leave a comment

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Malaysia churches firebombed – Aljazeera.net

Two Christian churches in Malaysia have been firebombed amid tensions over the use of the word “Allah” by non-Muslims in the country. …

Two Christian churches in Malaysia have been firebombed amid tensions over the use of the word “Allah” by non-Muslims in the country.

Attackers threw a petrol bomb at church in the capital, Kuala Lumpur, and tried to set another ablaze in a nearby suburb in the early hours of Friday, witnesses and officials said.

A Malaysian court had last week overturned a government ban on non-Muslims using the word “Allah” in their literature, allowing Roman Catholic newspaper, the Herald, to use the term to refer to God in the Malay language.

The judge has since suspended the implementation of the ruling, after the government appealed the ruling and the Catholic church agreed to the suspension.

The fire in Friday’s first incident gutted the administrative office on the first floor of the three-storey Metro Tabernacle Assembly of God church, shortly after midnight.

“There are witness reports two persons on a motorbike came near the entrance and hurled in something looking like a petrol bomb,” Kevin Ang, a church spokesman, said.

Separately, Lawrence Andrew, the editor of the Herald, said a Molotov cocktail was thrown into the compound of the Roman Catholic Assumption church in Petaling Jaya, just outside the capital, around 4am on Friday.

other links from Sivin Kit’s Garden who call for Mourning for Malaysia

Malaysian church fire-bombed ahead of Muslim protests

KL church torched

Malaysia church torched amid Allah row

Church damaged in midnight fire

Malaysian church set on fire: officials

Is this the right approach? When the due process of the law do not give you what you want, you resort to violence to get what you want? Then these “respect” you give to the “due process of the law” is just so much empty words. And the issue is about? The content and context of a word.

It is a sad day for Malaysia.

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Christian Theology in the Islamic Context

18 Monday Aug 2008

Posted by Alex Tang in Christianity, Islam, Theology

≈ Leave a comment

http://documents.scribd.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=4419220&access_key=key-258ihs29tv6uv0swvsgs&page=&version=1&auto_size=true

Christian theology in Islamic Context – Upload a Document to Scribd
Read this document on Scribd: Christian theology in Islamic Context
HT: Hedonese
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Encyclopedia of Islam and Iran

04 Monday Aug 2008

Posted by Alex Tang in Book Review, Books and Reading, Islam

≈ Leave a comment

Ali Akbar Velayati, (2008), The Encyclopedia of Islam and Iran: Dynamics of Culture and the Living Civilisation, Petaling Jaya: MPH Publishing.

Ali Akbar Velayati is an interesting person. He is the Professor of Medicine in the University of Tehran since 1974. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs for the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1981-1997. He is also a historian. I love people who wears many hats and do many different things that interest them.

This book gives an interesting perceptive on the development of Islamic civilisation and the development the sciences in Islamic civilisation. Europe was in the dark ages and many of the sciences and philosophies would have been lost if to due to scholars and thinkers of the Islamic countries. Not only did they receive the sciences (mathematics, astrology, physics and mechanics, medicine, alchemy, geography and literature), they studied and improved on it.

This book, while not really an encyclopedia (there are many sections which I have hope he will expand upon) is a good introduction to Islamic civilisation. This reminds me of a course on Islamic civilisation I had to take during my first year in the university.

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A Study of Islam for Christians in Malaysia

12 Monday May 2008

Posted by Alex Tang in Islam, Malaysia, Religions

≈ Leave a comment

I always have the conviction that Christians should know more about Islam, the religion of the majority of their neighbours in Malaysia.

Anglican Rev. Albert Sundararaj Walters, Vicar of the Parish of St. Peter, Kuala Lumpur has just written such a book. He starts with a general survey of Islam in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia. Then he narrows his focus to issues between Christians and Muslims in Malaysia and concludes with some bridge building strategies.

you can order his books by writing to him at albertwalters@gmail.com

ISBN 978-983-43378-1-0 No. of pages: 428
Publisher: Council of Churches of Malaysia Year: 2007
Price: RM35.00 US$15 GBP£12 (postage & packaging extra)

KNOWING OUR NEIGHBOUR:
A STUDY OF ISLAM FOR CHRISTIANS IN MALAYSIA

CONTENTS

PART ONE
THE ISLAMIC FAITH: A SHORT INTRODUCTION
1 Arabia before Islam: Geographical and Human Setting
2 Prophet Muhammad and the Early Muslim Community
3 The Expansion of Islam
4 Christians under Islamic Rule
5 The Quran and the Hadith
6 Doctrines of the Islamic Faith
7 The Five Pillars of Islam
8 Islamic Law and Sunni Schools of Fiqh
9 The Emergence of Sunni Theology
10 Sufism: Development, Thought and Practice
11 Islamic Personal and Communal Life
12 Status of Woman in Islam
13 Modern Islamic Movements

PART TWO
MALAYSIA: THE MELTING POT
14 Islam in Southeast Asia
15 The Introduction and Spread of Islam in Malaysia
16 Malaysia: The Context
17 Islamic Resurgence and Islamisation in Malaysia
18 Christians Respond to Islamisation

PART THREE
CHRISTIAN-MUSLIM RELATIONS
19 Christian Attitudes to Islam
20 Muslim Perceptions of Christianity
21 Christians and Muslims in Malaysia
22 The Church in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges
23 Building Bridges: Celebrating Diversity

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